Population of Cuba — statistics, dynamics and comparison with other countries

Cuba is a mysterious and beautiful country located in the Caribbean Sea. The island’s fame comes not only from its landscapes and cultural heritage, but also from its population.

According to the latest census conducted in 2020, Cuba has a population of more than 11 million. This makes the island one of the most populous countries in the Caribbean region.

Interestingly, Cuba’s population growth rate is one of the lowest among all countries in Latin America. According to statistics, over the past ten years the annual growth rate has been only about 0.2%. This is due to a number of factors, including a decrease in the birth rate and an increase in mortality.

Population of Cuba

Cuba has a diverse ethnic population structure. The majority of the population is Afro-Cuban, descended from former slaves brought to the island during the period of slavery. Descendants of Spanish colonialists, Arabs, Chinese and other ethnic groups also live in Cuba.

The urban area and the high level of development of education and medicine make Cuba one of the countries with the highest life expectancy in the world. The average life expectancy in Cuba is about 79 years.

The main cities of Cuba are Havana, Santa Clara, Santiago de Cuba. About 80% of the population lives in cities. Havana, the capital of Cuba, is the cultural and economic center of the country.

Cuba’s population peaked in 1970–1980 at about 10.8 million. However, in subsequent years the population began to decline, mainly due to low birth rates and high emigration.

Cuba’s economic problems and political isolation have an impact on population dynamics. Despite this, Cuba is still one of the most populous countries in the Caribbean.

Statistics

In recent years, the demographic situation in Cuba has proven to be quite stable. Life expectancy is about 79 years, one of the highest among Latin American countries.

The gender structure of the population is almost evenly distributed: 49.6% are men, 50.4% are women.

The Cuban population has a high literacy rate. According to the latest data, literacy among the population over 15 years of age is about 99.8%. The literacy rate for men is 99.9% and for women it is 99.7%.

Cuba: total population

According to the latest census conducted in 2020, the total population of Cuba is about 11.3 million. This makes Cuba one of the most populated countries in the Caribbean region.

Cuba’s population dynamics show some interesting trends. For example, in the 1960s, Cuba experienced significant population growth due to the successful implementation of government programs to reduce infant and maternal mortality. However, in subsequent decades, Cuba’s population stabilized and began to decline slightly.

Comparing the population of Cuba with other countries, it can be noted that it is one of the lowest in America. For example, Mexico has a population of over 120 million, while Brazil has a population of about 210 million.

However, despite its relatively small population, Cuba has significant achievements in the field of medicine, education and other social spheres. Cuba’s literacy rate and longevity are among the highest in Latin America.

Distribution of Cuban population by region

Cuba, one of the largest island countries in the Caribbean, has a diverse geographical landscape and a correspondingly different regional population distribution. Cuba’s population is officially divided into 15 provinces and 168 municipalities.

Cuba’s population lives primarily in urban areas. The capital and largest city of the country is Havana, where about 20% of the population lives. Havana is considered the economic, political and cultural center of Cuba.

However, in addition to Havana, there are other major cities such as Santiago de Cuba, Santiago de Cuba, Camiguay and Santa Clara, which are also important regional centers with high population concentrations.

Most of the country, including Western, Central and Eastern Cuba, has a relatively high population density. However, in remote regions such as the province of Pinar del Rio and the province of Guantanamo Bay, the population density is much lower.

Thus, the regional distribution of Cuba’s population shows a high concentration of population in the capital region and other major cities. However, the country also has remote regions with lower population densities, which affects Cuba’s socio-economic development.

Mortality and fertility in Cuba

Mortality

The mortality situation in Cuba has its own characteristics. In 2020, the average annual number of deaths was 9 people per 1000 population. This is low compared to many other countries. Mortality in Cuba has been declining over the past decades, which is due to the development of medical infrastructure, the high level of professional training of medical personnel and the availability of medical care for the entire population.

It is important to note that Cuba has one of the highest life expectancies in Latin America and the Caribbean. This achievement is the result of successful social programs aimed at improving the health and well-being of the population.

Fertility

The birth rate in Cuba is also an important indicator of the population’s condition. In 2020, the average annual number of newborns was 9 people per 1000 population. This figure is relatively low, but Cuba still maintains positive natural population growth.

Key factors influencing fertility in Cuba include the availability of free health care for pregnant women, high levels of perinatal health care, and long-term maternal and child support programs.

Dynamics

The population of Cuba has developed dynamically over the past decades. According to statistics, the country’s population currently amounts to more than 11 million people.

Over the past decades, there has been a steady increase in the population of Cuba. According to the World Bank, from 1980 to 2019, the country’s population increased by more than 3.3 million people.

Cuba’s population exploded in the 1960s as a result of rising birth rates and falling deaths. This was due to the introduction of various programs to improve health and education conditions on the island.

However, in recent years there has been a slowdown in Cuba’s population growth. Due to economic difficulties and other factors such as emigration, declining birth rates and increasing mortality rates, Cuba’s population growth has slowed.

Comparing Cuba’s population dynamics with other countries, it can be noted that Cuba’s population growth is slower than in many developing countries, but more stable compared to some developed countries.

The table shows that Cuba’s population has increased by approximately 1.52 million people over the past 39 years.

Change in Cuban population over the past 10 years

Cuba’s population has changed over the past decade in several key ways. According to official data, in 2010 the population of Cuba was 11.2 million. Over time, the country’s population continued to grow, reaching 11.3 million by 2020.

Thus, over the past 10 years, the population of Cuba has increased by 0.1 million people. This growth can be considered insignificant, but it is worth noting that Cuba has relatively stable demographic indicators. Despite the slight increase in population, the country has successfully maintained its population and maintained approximately the same level over the past decades.

Compared to other Latin American countries, Cuba ranks in the middle in terms of population size. For example, Cuba’s population is lower than countries such as Mexico and Brazil, but higher than some more sparsely populated countries such as Costa Rica and Uruguay.

The main factors influencing the change in Cuba’s population are birth rate, death rate and migration. In the last decade, Cuba has faced several demographic challenges, including low birth rates and an aging population. However, thanks to government health and social policies, Cuba has been able to overcome these problems and maintain stability in the labor market.

In general, over the past 10 years, the population of Cuba has remained virtually unchanged, which indicates successful measures in the field of demographic policy and social stability in the country.